What harmful substances may molds produce on corn and feed grains?

Molds that grow on corn and feed grains can produce harmful substances known as mycotoxins, which includes specific types like aflatoxins. Aflatoxins are a group of mycotoxins produced primarily by the mold species Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, and they are particularly concerning because they can contaminate food and feed, posing serious health risks to both animals and humans.

Understanding the nature of these toxins is crucial in the context of agricultural food safety. Mycotoxins can lead to acute and chronic health effects, including carcinogenicity, immunosuppression, and various toxic effects on the liver and kidneys. Different grains may be affected by different molds, and the specific conditions such as temperature and moisture can influence mold growth and toxin production.

While aflatoxins are a major category of mycotoxins, they represent just one example of the broader class. The distinction is important because recognizing that mycotoxins encompass a range of harmful substances allows producers and safety regulators to address food safety comprehensively.

The other options, while related to health and safety, do not specifically pertain to the substances produced by molds on corn and feed grains as clearly as mycotoxins (including